For some, 8 March is a spring holiday with flowers and greetings; for others, a day of campaigning for women's rights. Both traditions grew from the same history. Here is how International Women's Day came about, what Clara Zetkin has to do with it, why 8 March was chosen, how the day is marked around the world and how it is seen in Ukraine today.
Spring bouquets for 8 March are in our tulips and flowers for mom sections.
In the early 20th century women in Europe and the USA were campaigning for the vote, equal pay and reasonable working hours. In 1909 the Socialist Party of America held a National Woman's Day. In 1910, at the International Conference of Socialist Women in Copenhagen, the German activist Clara Zetkin proposed that a women's day be held every year in every country, though without a fixed date.
International Women's Day was first marked on 19 March 1911 in Austria, Denmark, Germany and Switzerland, with more than a million people attending rallies. The decisive year for the date was 1917: on 8 March (23 February in the Julian calendar) women workers in Petrograd went on strike demanding "bread and peace", and these events started the February Revolution. Over time 8 March became the shared date.
The United Nations first celebrated International Women's Day in 1975, which was declared International Women's Year. Since then the UN has chosen an annual theme for the day devoted to women's equality, rights and opportunities.
In Ukraine 8 March was for decades one of the most popular holidays, with flowers, cards and gifts. In recent years attitudes have been changing: more and more people see it not as a Soviet tradition but as a day for women's rights and gratitude to those who work, raise children, volunteer and serve today. Under martial law public holidays are not days off, but many people still congratulate their loved ones.
Spring flowers — tulips, mimosa, daffodils, hyacinths — remain the main symbol of the day. How to choose a bouquet for the closest woman in your life is covered in "Flowers for mom".
Clara Zetkin proposed an annual international women's day in 1910; the 8 March date took hold after the events of 1917.
Since 1975, International Women's Year.
The tradition comes from Italy, where mimosa became the symbol of the day in 1946.